Referee in the Resistance
Dutch football referee Leo Horn, born in 1916, was a resistance fighter during the Second World War, all the while hiding his Jewish identity.
Basque in the USSR
A story of a Spanish footballer turned Communist leader, where football and history intertwine across borders.
Nationalism in Spanish Football in the 20th Century
A lesson plan putting the Spanish Civil War and football in perspective.
Milutin Ivkovic: World Cup to World War
Captain of Yugoslavia, a qualified doctor, killed in a Nazi concentration camp.
Boško Petrović: From Football to Freedom?
Left the football pitch behind to fight for ideology in the sky.
Brunilde Amodeo: Woman against Fascism
Captain of a pioneering Italian football team in 1933.
Otto Fritz ‘Tull’ Harder: From German hero to Nazi war criminal
Player who commanded Hannover-Ahlem, a Nazi concentration camp.
Violette Morris: Heroine, Sportswoman, Collaborator
She challenged cultural norms, but was killed a collaborator in war-torn France.
Bruno Neri: Partisan Commander
Football player in resistance to fascism.
Josep Sunyol: Casualty of Spain’s Civil War
Josep Sunyol was a football fanatic and a proud Catalan.
